It`s a must that I have a competence in English
for Mathematics Education
English language is international language, so that English language of vital importance for we master. Almost is all language English area required. If we can master and application can in everyday life either in conversation and also in the form of text we will be able to vie with other people who.
Especially I which soon will become a teacher, I should be able to master English language that can teach in international having level school even so not having level national which in its(the study using English language although doesn't gild it. With the matter I can develop potency of the myself. And reach it things which I do is multiply vocabulary in English language especially relating to a real difficult mathematics and because vocabulary mathematics in English language seldom be applied in everyday conversation causing needs circumstantial understanding and source of adequate studies so that will water down learning process.
Because approximant is of all by schools from nursery school until senior high school either public school and also private sector there are Iesson of English language, even now starts there are schools having level national and or school is having level is international claims us as teacher candidate should be able to master English language.
Why now there [are] blazing the way school is having standard international? That is of all because government wish to increase quality of education in Indonesia having level parallel or international with advance states. That thing is because of that education in Indonesia can run along with Developed countries and in order not to easy to be colonized and can interact in international world.
So of the router generations is not necessarily look for science in country people because education in country x'self doesn't fail is far with education of outside which has applied English language which has in confessing world.
Thursday, June 4, 2009
Video 1 : do u believe in me
In this video, there is a student named Doultan. Who gives a speech in the thout of the thousand student and teachers the topic of his speech is about how we believe in ourself, to achieve something. The students should believe in their, and the teacher should believe in their students.
If u (teacher) believe in me (students), he or she can do anything, he can create, he can dream and he can become anything that they want. The teacher or the student it self. Should believe that they can graduate the class nath abd joint to the good colleges. The student not need to give up in the math class because they believe they can, no mather they come from.
The choldren can go to the good collage, they need to believe.
Video 2: What you know about math?
The second video tells me about” The materials which is discussing in mathematics”, there are:
o Significant figure
o Limit
o Exponent
o Trigonometry
o Integral
o Matrix
o Differential
o Phi
Video 3: English Solving Problem
The third video tells me about one example of mathematics problem. In this video shows the graph of y=g(x), if the function h is defined by f(x) equals x plus one ( f(x) = x + 1) If 2 times f(p) equals twenty ( 2f(p) = 20 ) . What is the value of f(3p)? this is one example of mathematics solving problem.
Video 4: properties of Logarithms
The fourth video tells me about properties of Logarithms, there are :
1. Log x to the base b equals y symmetry with b power y equal x
2. Log x to the base 10 equals Log x
3. Log x to the base natural numeral equals Ln x (this natural logarithm)
example: Log 100 to the base 10 equals x. What is the value of x?
answer: Log 100 to the base 10 equals x, become 10 to the power of x equals 100, so x equal 2.
Video 5: trigonometry
The word trigonometry comes from trigono and metry, trigono means triangle. It consist of three lines in the form of triangle with a teta in the front line.
It creates sin, cos and tan. It shortens write soh cah toa. It means sin teta is opposite over hyphotenus, cos is adcasent over hyphotenus, tangen is opposite over adcasent.
And the video also clarify to look for sin, cos, and tan. Example a right triangle with hypotenus 5, opposite 4, and adcasent 3. And with the formulas soh cah toa can solve sin equals 4 over 5, cos equals 3 over 5, and tan equals 4 over 3.
Video 6: Discussing the graph of a rational function
Graphs of rational function off limits f (x) equals x plus 2 over x minus 1..? It can have discontinues because has a polynomial in the denominator. There is of limit, where X is one. This is becomes one plus to over zero, then zero is non denominator. It breaks in function graph. Rational function don’t always work this away. Not all rational function will give zero in denomitor.
Y equals x squared minus x minus 6 over x minus 3. When y equals 3. This is becomes zero over zero it’s missing point syndrome, but not posible not allowed. And the typical example y equals x squared minus x minus 6 over x minus 3 equals y equals x minus 3 in bracket times x plus 2 in bracket over all x minus 3, and x minus 3 top cancel botton equals y equals x plus 2, when x equals 3 no problem.
Removable singgulary when x leads to zero over zero.
In this video, there is a student named Doultan. Who gives a speech in the thout of the thousand student and teachers the topic of his speech is about how we believe in ourself, to achieve something. The students should believe in their, and the teacher should believe in their students.
If u (teacher) believe in me (students), he or she can do anything, he can create, he can dream and he can become anything that they want. The teacher or the student it self. Should believe that they can graduate the class nath abd joint to the good colleges. The student not need to give up in the math class because they believe they can, no mather they come from.
The choldren can go to the good collage, they need to believe.
Video 2: What you know about math?
The second video tells me about” The materials which is discussing in mathematics”, there are:
o Significant figure
o Limit
o Exponent
o Trigonometry
o Integral
o Matrix
o Differential
o Phi
Video 3: English Solving Problem
The third video tells me about one example of mathematics problem. In this video shows the graph of y=g(x), if the function h is defined by f(x) equals x plus one ( f(x) = x + 1) If 2 times f(p) equals twenty ( 2f(p) = 20 ) . What is the value of f(3p)? this is one example of mathematics solving problem.
Video 4: properties of Logarithms
The fourth video tells me about properties of Logarithms, there are :
1. Log x to the base b equals y symmetry with b power y equal x
2. Log x to the base 10 equals Log x
3. Log x to the base natural numeral equals Ln x (this natural logarithm)
example: Log 100 to the base 10 equals x. What is the value of x?
answer: Log 100 to the base 10 equals x, become 10 to the power of x equals 100, so x equal 2.
Video 5: trigonometry
The word trigonometry comes from trigono and metry, trigono means triangle. It consist of three lines in the form of triangle with a teta in the front line.
It creates sin, cos and tan. It shortens write soh cah toa. It means sin teta is opposite over hyphotenus, cos is adcasent over hyphotenus, tangen is opposite over adcasent.
And the video also clarify to look for sin, cos, and tan. Example a right triangle with hypotenus 5, opposite 4, and adcasent 3. And with the formulas soh cah toa can solve sin equals 4 over 5, cos equals 3 over 5, and tan equals 4 over 3.
Video 6: Discussing the graph of a rational function
Graphs of rational function off limits f (x) equals x plus 2 over x minus 1..? It can have discontinues because has a polynomial in the denominator. There is of limit, where X is one. This is becomes one plus to over zero, then zero is non denominator. It breaks in function graph. Rational function don’t always work this away. Not all rational function will give zero in denomitor.
Y equals x squared minus x minus 6 over x minus 3. When y equals 3. This is becomes zero over zero it’s missing point syndrome, but not posible not allowed. And the typical example y equals x squared minus x minus 6 over x minus 3 equals y equals x minus 3 in bracket times x plus 2 in bracket over all x minus 3, and x minus 3 top cancel botton equals y equals x plus 2, when x equals 3 no problem.
Removable singgulary when x leads to zero over zero.
1. Characteristic of Logarithm
• a to the power of m times a to the power of n equals a to the power of m plus n in bracket.
• a to the power of m devided a to the power of n equals a to the power m minus n in bracket.
• Logarithm b with base number a equals n. So b equals a to the power of n.
• Logarithm a with base number g equals x. so a equals g to the power of x.
• Logarithm b with base number g equals y. so b equals g to the power of y.
• Logarithm a times b in bracket with base number g equals …?
For example:
Logarithm a with base number g equals x, so a equals g to the power of x. Logarithm b with base number g equals y, so b equals g to the power of y. a times b equals g to the power of x times g to the power of y. a times b equals g to the power of x plus y in bracket. So that logarithm a times b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm g with base number g to the power of x plus y in bracket equals x plus y in bracket times logarithm g with base number g because logarithm g with base number g equals 1 so equals x plus y. And the conclussion logarithm a time b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm a with base number g plus logarithm b with base number g.
A over b equals g to the power of x over g to the power of y congruen a over b equals g to the power of x minus y in bracket. Congruen logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm g to the power of x minus y in bracket with base number g. Congruen logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals x minus y in bracket times logarithm g with base number g. congruen logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals x minus y in bracket. Congruen logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm a with base number g minus logarithm b with base number g. and the conclussion logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm a with base number g minus logarithm b with base number g.
Logarithm a to the power of n with base number g equals logarithm a times a times a … times a in bracket with base number g. Note n each factor a. congruen logarithm a to the power of n with base number g equals logarithm a with base number g plus logarithm a with base number g plus … logarithm a with base number g. note n addition each logarithm a with base number g. Congruen logarithm a to the power of n with base number q equals n times logarithm a with base number g. So the conclussion logarithm a to the power of n with base number g equals n times logarithm a with base number g.
2. Explain how to find formula abc
Quadrate equation
Characteristic zero number: AB equals 0 if and only if A equals 0 or B equals 0
Characteristic quadrate root: if form A squared equals B then A equals plus minus squared of B
Standard type quadrate equation in x is ax squared plus bx plus c plus zero
With a, b, c subsets R(R = set real numbers) and a not equals zero
Solution quadrate equation is:
Ax squared plus bx plus c equals 0
Ax squared plus bx equals negative c
A squared plus b over a times x equals minus c over a
A squared plus b over a times x plus b over two a in bracket squared equals minus c over a plus b over two a in bracket squared
X plus b over two a in bracket squared equals b squared minus four times a times c over all four times a squared
X plus b over two a equals plus minus square of b squared minus four times a times c over all four times a squared
X plus b over two a equals plus minus square of b squared minus four times a times c over all two a
X equals minus b plus minus square of b squared minus four times a times c over all two a
That acquired formula:
So ax squared plus bx plus c equals 0, a, b, c, subsets real number ЄR, a not equals 0.
Then x equals minus b plus minus square of b squared minus four times a times c over all two a
3. What is Phi??
Phi obtained from wide counting a circle regarded as equal to square 8/9 times diameter and contents of from bevel cylinder equal to product from its(the pallet wide times distance height. So if it is elaborated like this:
area of circle equals 8 over 9 times d in bracket squared
we know that d equals 2r so gotten
area of circle equals 8 over 9 times 2r in bracket squared
Equals 64 over 81 times 4r squared
Equals 256 over 81 times r squared
Equals 3,16 r squared
So phi equals 3,16 and that is according to ancient mesir people.
• a to the power of m times a to the power of n equals a to the power of m plus n in bracket.
• a to the power of m devided a to the power of n equals a to the power m minus n in bracket.
• Logarithm b with base number a equals n. So b equals a to the power of n.
• Logarithm a with base number g equals x. so a equals g to the power of x.
• Logarithm b with base number g equals y. so b equals g to the power of y.
• Logarithm a times b in bracket with base number g equals …?
For example:
Logarithm a with base number g equals x, so a equals g to the power of x. Logarithm b with base number g equals y, so b equals g to the power of y. a times b equals g to the power of x times g to the power of y. a times b equals g to the power of x plus y in bracket. So that logarithm a times b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm g with base number g to the power of x plus y in bracket equals x plus y in bracket times logarithm g with base number g because logarithm g with base number g equals 1 so equals x plus y. And the conclussion logarithm a time b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm a with base number g plus logarithm b with base number g.
A over b equals g to the power of x over g to the power of y congruen a over b equals g to the power of x minus y in bracket. Congruen logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm g to the power of x minus y in bracket with base number g. Congruen logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals x minus y in bracket times logarithm g with base number g. congruen logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals x minus y in bracket. Congruen logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm a with base number g minus logarithm b with base number g. and the conclussion logarithm a over b in bracket with base number g equals logarithm a with base number g minus logarithm b with base number g.
Logarithm a to the power of n with base number g equals logarithm a times a times a … times a in bracket with base number g. Note n each factor a. congruen logarithm a to the power of n with base number g equals logarithm a with base number g plus logarithm a with base number g plus … logarithm a with base number g. note n addition each logarithm a with base number g. Congruen logarithm a to the power of n with base number q equals n times logarithm a with base number g. So the conclussion logarithm a to the power of n with base number g equals n times logarithm a with base number g.
2. Explain how to find formula abc
Quadrate equation
Characteristic zero number: AB equals 0 if and only if A equals 0 or B equals 0
Characteristic quadrate root: if form A squared equals B then A equals plus minus squared of B
Standard type quadrate equation in x is ax squared plus bx plus c plus zero
With a, b, c subsets R(R = set real numbers) and a not equals zero
Solution quadrate equation is:
Ax squared plus bx plus c equals 0
Ax squared plus bx equals negative c
A squared plus b over a times x equals minus c over a
A squared plus b over a times x plus b over two a in bracket squared equals minus c over a plus b over two a in bracket squared
X plus b over two a in bracket squared equals b squared minus four times a times c over all four times a squared
X plus b over two a equals plus minus square of b squared minus four times a times c over all four times a squared
X plus b over two a equals plus minus square of b squared minus four times a times c over all two a
X equals minus b plus minus square of b squared minus four times a times c over all two a
That acquired formula:
So ax squared plus bx plus c equals 0, a, b, c, subsets real number ЄR, a not equals 0.
Then x equals minus b plus minus square of b squared minus four times a times c over all two a
3. What is Phi??
Phi obtained from wide counting a circle regarded as equal to square 8/9 times diameter and contents of from bevel cylinder equal to product from its(the pallet wide times distance height. So if it is elaborated like this:
area of circle equals 8 over 9 times d in bracket squared
we know that d equals 2r so gotten
area of circle equals 8 over 9 times 2r in bracket squared
Equals 64 over 81 times 4r squared
Equals 256 over 81 times r squared
Equals 3,16 r squared
So phi equals 3,16 and that is according to ancient mesir people.
Sunday, May 24, 2009
What I have don’t and what I will do about English for mathematics
What I have don’t and what I will do about English for mathematics
I really do not master the English language, especially in mathematics in the English language. I do not know why it is difficult to keep me in my memory, to understand and remember all the words of the English language that I hear or read on this is key in learning English. Translate the words of my course especially difficult to arrange the sentence or even speak in English? With the development of the technology demands of the age and the English language is necessary in all matters of education for example. From primary schools have a lot of schools that taught English and now many bilingual schools, international schools of all learning use the English language as a candidate for the teacher I have to take the English language and because the field in mathematics from now I have to many learn mathematics in English in order to compete. Things that will I do for this is:
1. little by little to understand and memorize vocabulary of mathematics, especially the English language.
2. Store in memory all of my vocabulary is.
3. Read more articles of the English language related to mathematics.
4. Search for words that are difficult to find the means and difficulties and ask if my friends.
5. Browsing the Internet to increase knowledge.
6. Opening and reading the blog Mr. Marsigit.
7. Learning to write the sentences in the English language.
8. Learn to speak English even though still using a simple vocabulary and is not yet complete.
9. And from now on I will be more serious following the lecture the English language.
I hope this will be successful even though it may take a long time, but I remain optimistic I can. Hopefully continue to develop mathematics!
I really do not master the English language, especially in mathematics in the English language. I do not know why it is difficult to keep me in my memory, to understand and remember all the words of the English language that I hear or read on this is key in learning English. Translate the words of my course especially difficult to arrange the sentence or even speak in English? With the development of the technology demands of the age and the English language is necessary in all matters of education for example. From primary schools have a lot of schools that taught English and now many bilingual schools, international schools of all learning use the English language as a candidate for the teacher I have to take the English language and because the field in mathematics from now I have to many learn mathematics in English in order to compete. Things that will I do for this is:
1. little by little to understand and memorize vocabulary of mathematics, especially the English language.
2. Store in memory all of my vocabulary is.
3. Read more articles of the English language related to mathematics.
4. Search for words that are difficult to find the means and difficulties and ask if my friends.
5. Browsing the Internet to increase knowledge.
6. Opening and reading the blog Mr. Marsigit.
7. Learning to write the sentences in the English language.
8. Learn to speak English even though still using a simple vocabulary and is not yet complete.
9. And from now on I will be more serious following the lecture the English language.
I hope this will be successful even though it may take a long time, but I remain optimistic I can. Hopefully continue to develop mathematics!
Tuesday, April 14, 2009
Part I
Words in mathematics
1. Bilangan rasional = a rational numbers
2. Garis paralel = parallel lines
3. Garis tegak lurus = perpendicular lines
4. Kombinasi = combination
5. Permutasi = permutation
6. Teori bilangan = number theory
7. Bilangan prima = prime number
8. Bilangan bulat = Integers
9. Bilangan genap = Even
10. Sebangun= Similar to one another
11. Statistiks = statistic
12. Pecahan = fraction
13. tidak sama dengan = an inequation
14. diferensial sebagian = partial differential
15. Perhitungan Integral = Integral Calculation
16. Bilangan cacah = Whole
17. Limas = Pyramid
18. Prism = prisma
19. Persamaan eksponen = Exponent equations
20. Integral tentu = Definit integral
21. Limit tak hingga = Limit a function of infinity
22. Nilai-nilai kebenaran = Truth value
23. Radian = radian
24. Persamaan linier 2 peubah = Linier equations in two variable
25. Akar pangkat 3= Cube root
26. Nilai mutlak = Absolute value
27. Segi tiga = Triangle
28. Aritmatika = Arithmetics
29. Persegi empat = Square
30. Persegi panjang = Rectangle
Part II
Definition and example
1. A rational numbers
Is any number that can be raiten in the from a over b. Where a and b are integers and b cannot equal 0.
Rational number can be represented by fracktions or decimal.
Example: 3 over 8 equal 0.375
2. Parallel lines
Two lines are parallel if and only if they are in the same plane and do not intersect.
Example: AB parallel CD
3. Perpendicular lines
Are lines that intersect to form a right angle.
Example: AB prependicular with CD
4. Combination
The combination is combining several objects from a group regardless of the order. In combination, the order is not observed.
{1,2,3} adalah sama dengan {2,3,1} dan {3,1,2}.
Example: A child is only allowed to take two of three envelope envelope envelope provided, namely A, B envelope and the envelope C. Decide how many combinations there are to take two of three envelope envelope provided?
Solution: There are 3 combinations namely; A-B, C and A-B-C
One application is the combination is used to find the probability of occurrence.
5. Permutation
Combine some permutation is the object of attention with a group order. In the permutation, the order observed.
(1,2,3) is not equal to (2,3,1) and (3,1,2)
Example: There is a box contains 3 balls of each red, green and blue. If a child is assigned to take 2 balls at random and the observed sequence, there is a permutation happening?
Solution: There are 6 permutation namely; MH, MB, HM, HB, BM, BH.
One application is the permutation is used to find the probability of occurrence.
6. The basic theory
Traditionally, the theory is a branch of pure mathematics to learn that nature integer and contains a variety of problems can be easily understood even by non-mathematician.
In the basic theory, integer without using techniques learned from other areas of mathematics. Questions about the nature can be divided, Euklidean algorithm to calculate the largest alliance of factors, integer factorization in prime numbers, research on the perfect and kongruensi learned here.
7. Prime number
Prime numbers is number that the original greater than one, and the devided factor is the number one and itself.
Example: one, three, five, seven, etc.
8. Integers
Integer consists of a number (0, 1, 2, ...) and negative (-1, -2, -3, ...; -0 is equal to 0 and no longer included separately). Integer can be written without a fractional or decimal component.
Example: (-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,…)
9. Even
Numbers are numbers that even out the number 2 divided by.
Example: (2,4,6,…)
10. Similar to one another
Meaning: two geometrical objects are called similar if they both have the same shape.
Example: If triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF in such a way that the angle at vertex A is equal to the angle at vertex D, the angle at B is equal to the angle at E, and the angle at C is equal to the angle at F. Then, once this is known, it is possible to deduce proportionalities between corresponding sides of the two triangles, such as the following:
{AB \over BC} = {DE \over EF},
{AB \over AC} = {DE \over DF},
{AC \over BC} = {DF \over EF},
{AB \over DE} = {BC \over EF} = {AC \over DF}.
11. Statistics is the science of learning how to plan, collect, analyze, interpret, and present data. In short, statistics is the science related to the data. From the collection of data, statistics can be used to construe or describe your data; this is called descriptive statistics.
Example: Most of the basic concept of probability theory, statistics mengasumsikan. Some term statistics such as: population, sample, sample unit, and probability.
12. Fraction consists of numerator and denominator. Transaction in fact is a fraction how to simplify the numerator and the denominator with the same number, so that is very eerie to see a more imut-imut for ditatap.
Example: if the comparison between 50/100 and ½ the more interesting to see how a number ½. 50/100 seen as a "gigantic figure" who seems to be more complex than ½, the second number is actually still have the same value.
13. An inequation
Meaning: a statement that two objects or expressions are not the same, or do not represent the same value. This relation is writtwn with a crossed-out equal sign, like x ≠ y
Example: 2 minus 3 not equals zero, because 2 minus 3 equals negative 1, and negative 1 inequation zero.
14. Partial differential equation
Partial differential equation (PDP) is the equality in which there are tribes partial differential, which is defined in mathematics as an associate relationship of a function that is not known, which is a function of some variable-free, with the derivative through the variables that referred to.
PDP is used to perform and complete the formulation of the problems involve functions that are not known, which is formed by several variables, such as spreading the sound and heat, electrostatics, electrodynamics, fluida flow, elasticity. Sometimes some problems fisis have a very different mathematical formulations that are similar to one another
15. In mathematics, theorems binomial formula is important to give the rank of the expansion of Answer.
Example: for n equals 2 to 5
X plus y inbracket squared equals x squared 2 times x times y plus y squared
X plus y in bracket cubed equals x cubed plus 3 times x times y in bracket squared plus y cubed
16. Whole
The whole is set integer that is not negative, ie (0, 1, 2, 3 ...}. In other words, the original set of numbers plus 0.
Example: (0,1,2,3,…)
17. Pyramid
A building where the outer surfaces are triangular and converge at a point. The base of pyramids are usually quadrilateral or trilateral (but may be of any polygon shape), meaning that a pyramid usually has four or five faces.
Example: Pyramid volume formula is 1 / 3 wide base X high
18. Prism
a polyhedron made of an n-sided polygonal base, a translated copy, and n faces joining corresponding sides. Thus these joining faces are parallelograms. All cross-sections parallel to the base faces are the same. A prism is a subclass of the prismatoids.
Example: Prism volume formula that is wide base Xhigh
19. Exponent equations
Meaning: an equation in which a polynomial is set equal to another polynomial.
Example: x squared plus x minus 6 equals x minus 2 in bracket times x plus 3 in bracket is exponent equations
20. Definite integral
The limit of a sum of areas of rectangles, called a Riemann sum.
Example : if ƒ is a continuous real-valued function defined on a closed interval [a, b], then, once an antiderivative F of ƒ is known, the definite integral of ƒ over that interval is given by
\int_a^b f(x)\,dx = F(b) - F(a)\, .
21. Limit a function of infinity
If the extended real line R is considered, i.e. R (- ~,+ ~), then it is possible to define limits of function at infinity
22. Truth value
Meaning : a value indicating the extent to which a proposition is true
Example : The truth value of a proposition is shown using 0s and 1s.
True = 1
False = 0
23. Radian
A Radian is: the angle made by taking the radius and wrapping it along the edge of the circle.
A plane is a flat surface with no thickness. Our world has three dimensions, but there are only two dimensions on a plane.
Examples: ength and height, or x and y.
24. Linier equations in two variable
Meaning: an algebratic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of constant.
Example: liner equation in thte two variable x and y is y = mx + c, where m and c designer constants ( the variable y is multiplied by the constant 1, which as usual is not explicilly written)
25. cube root
a cube root of a number, denoted or x1/3, is a number a such that a3 = x. All real numbers have exactly one real cube root and a pair of complex conjugate roots, and all nonzero complex numbers have three distinct complex cube roots.
Example: the real cube root of 8 is 2, because 23 = 8.
26. absolute value
absolute value (or modulus) of a real number is its numerical value without regard to its sign.
Example, 3 is the absolute value of both 3 and −3.
The absolute value of a number a is denoted by | a |.
27. Triangle
A triangle is one of the basic shapes of geometry: a polygon with three corners or vertices and three sides or edges which are line segments. A triangle with vertices A, B, and C is denoted ABC.
28. arithmetics
is the oldest and most elementary branch of mathematics, used by almost everyone, for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced science and business calculations. In common usage, the word refers to a branch of (or the forerunner of) mathematics which records elementary properties of certain operations on numbers
29. square
A four-sided polygon with all sides the same length and all angles = 90 degrees
30. rectangle
a rectangle is a closed planar quadrilateral having four right angles.
The shape is like a square, but the sides are not necessarily all equal in length.
Words in mathematics
1. Bilangan rasional = a rational numbers
2. Garis paralel = parallel lines
3. Garis tegak lurus = perpendicular lines
4. Kombinasi = combination
5. Permutasi = permutation
6. Teori bilangan = number theory
7. Bilangan prima = prime number
8. Bilangan bulat = Integers
9. Bilangan genap = Even
10. Sebangun= Similar to one another
11. Statistiks = statistic
12. Pecahan = fraction
13. tidak sama dengan = an inequation
14. diferensial sebagian = partial differential
15. Perhitungan Integral = Integral Calculation
16. Bilangan cacah = Whole
17. Limas = Pyramid
18. Prism = prisma
19. Persamaan eksponen = Exponent equations
20. Integral tentu = Definit integral
21. Limit tak hingga = Limit a function of infinity
22. Nilai-nilai kebenaran = Truth value
23. Radian = radian
24. Persamaan linier 2 peubah = Linier equations in two variable
25. Akar pangkat 3= Cube root
26. Nilai mutlak = Absolute value
27. Segi tiga = Triangle
28. Aritmatika = Arithmetics
29. Persegi empat = Square
30. Persegi panjang = Rectangle
Part II
Definition and example
1. A rational numbers
Is any number that can be raiten in the from a over b. Where a and b are integers and b cannot equal 0.
Rational number can be represented by fracktions or decimal.
Example: 3 over 8 equal 0.375
2. Parallel lines
Two lines are parallel if and only if they are in the same plane and do not intersect.
Example: AB parallel CD
3. Perpendicular lines
Are lines that intersect to form a right angle.
Example: AB prependicular with CD
4. Combination
The combination is combining several objects from a group regardless of the order. In combination, the order is not observed.
{1,2,3} adalah sama dengan {2,3,1} dan {3,1,2}.
Example: A child is only allowed to take two of three envelope envelope envelope provided, namely A, B envelope and the envelope C. Decide how many combinations there are to take two of three envelope envelope provided?
Solution: There are 3 combinations namely; A-B, C and A-B-C
One application is the combination is used to find the probability of occurrence.
5. Permutation
Combine some permutation is the object of attention with a group order. In the permutation, the order observed.
(1,2,3) is not equal to (2,3,1) and (3,1,2)
Example: There is a box contains 3 balls of each red, green and blue. If a child is assigned to take 2 balls at random and the observed sequence, there is a permutation happening?
Solution: There are 6 permutation namely; MH, MB, HM, HB, BM, BH.
One application is the permutation is used to find the probability of occurrence.
6. The basic theory
Traditionally, the theory is a branch of pure mathematics to learn that nature integer and contains a variety of problems can be easily understood even by non-mathematician.
In the basic theory, integer without using techniques learned from other areas of mathematics. Questions about the nature can be divided, Euklidean algorithm to calculate the largest alliance of factors, integer factorization in prime numbers, research on the perfect and kongruensi learned here.
7. Prime number
Prime numbers is number that the original greater than one, and the devided factor is the number one and itself.
Example: one, three, five, seven, etc.
8. Integers
Integer consists of a number (0, 1, 2, ...) and negative (-1, -2, -3, ...; -0 is equal to 0 and no longer included separately). Integer can be written without a fractional or decimal component.
Example: (-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,…)
9. Even
Numbers are numbers that even out the number 2 divided by.
Example: (2,4,6,…)
10. Similar to one another
Meaning: two geometrical objects are called similar if they both have the same shape.
Example: If triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF in such a way that the angle at vertex A is equal to the angle at vertex D, the angle at B is equal to the angle at E, and the angle at C is equal to the angle at F. Then, once this is known, it is possible to deduce proportionalities between corresponding sides of the two triangles, such as the following:
{AB \over BC} = {DE \over EF},
{AB \over AC} = {DE \over DF},
{AC \over BC} = {DF \over EF},
{AB \over DE} = {BC \over EF} = {AC \over DF}.
11. Statistics is the science of learning how to plan, collect, analyze, interpret, and present data. In short, statistics is the science related to the data. From the collection of data, statistics can be used to construe or describe your data; this is called descriptive statistics.
Example: Most of the basic concept of probability theory, statistics mengasumsikan. Some term statistics such as: population, sample, sample unit, and probability.
12. Fraction consists of numerator and denominator. Transaction in fact is a fraction how to simplify the numerator and the denominator with the same number, so that is very eerie to see a more imut-imut for ditatap.
Example: if the comparison between 50/100 and ½ the more interesting to see how a number ½. 50/100 seen as a "gigantic figure" who seems to be more complex than ½, the second number is actually still have the same value.
13. An inequation
Meaning: a statement that two objects or expressions are not the same, or do not represent the same value. This relation is writtwn with a crossed-out equal sign, like x ≠ y
Example: 2 minus 3 not equals zero, because 2 minus 3 equals negative 1, and negative 1 inequation zero.
14. Partial differential equation
Partial differential equation (PDP) is the equality in which there are tribes partial differential, which is defined in mathematics as an associate relationship of a function that is not known, which is a function of some variable-free, with the derivative through the variables that referred to.
PDP is used to perform and complete the formulation of the problems involve functions that are not known, which is formed by several variables, such as spreading the sound and heat, electrostatics, electrodynamics, fluida flow, elasticity. Sometimes some problems fisis have a very different mathematical formulations that are similar to one another
15. In mathematics, theorems binomial formula is important to give the rank of the expansion of Answer.
Example: for n equals 2 to 5
X plus y inbracket squared equals x squared 2 times x times y plus y squared
X plus y in bracket cubed equals x cubed plus 3 times x times y in bracket squared plus y cubed
16. Whole
The whole is set integer that is not negative, ie (0, 1, 2, 3 ...}. In other words, the original set of numbers plus 0.
Example: (0,1,2,3,…)
17. Pyramid
A building where the outer surfaces are triangular and converge at a point. The base of pyramids are usually quadrilateral or trilateral (but may be of any polygon shape), meaning that a pyramid usually has four or five faces.
Example: Pyramid volume formula is 1 / 3 wide base X high
18. Prism
a polyhedron made of an n-sided polygonal base, a translated copy, and n faces joining corresponding sides. Thus these joining faces are parallelograms. All cross-sections parallel to the base faces are the same. A prism is a subclass of the prismatoids.
Example: Prism volume formula that is wide base Xhigh
19. Exponent equations
Meaning: an equation in which a polynomial is set equal to another polynomial.
Example: x squared plus x minus 6 equals x minus 2 in bracket times x plus 3 in bracket is exponent equations
20. Definite integral
The limit of a sum of areas of rectangles, called a Riemann sum.
Example : if ƒ is a continuous real-valued function defined on a closed interval [a, b], then, once an antiderivative F of ƒ is known, the definite integral of ƒ over that interval is given by
\int_a^b f(x)\,dx = F(b) - F(a)\, .
21. Limit a function of infinity
If the extended real line R is considered, i.e. R (- ~,+ ~), then it is possible to define limits of function at infinity
22. Truth value
Meaning : a value indicating the extent to which a proposition is true
Example : The truth value of a proposition is shown using 0s and 1s.
True = 1
False = 0
23. Radian
A Radian is: the angle made by taking the radius and wrapping it along the edge of the circle.
A plane is a flat surface with no thickness. Our world has three dimensions, but there are only two dimensions on a plane.
Examples: ength and height, or x and y.
24. Linier equations in two variable
Meaning: an algebratic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of constant.
Example: liner equation in thte two variable x and y is y = mx + c, where m and c designer constants ( the variable y is multiplied by the constant 1, which as usual is not explicilly written)
25. cube root
a cube root of a number, denoted or x1/3, is a number a such that a3 = x. All real numbers have exactly one real cube root and a pair of complex conjugate roots, and all nonzero complex numbers have three distinct complex cube roots.
Example: the real cube root of 8 is 2, because 23 = 8.
26. absolute value
absolute value (or modulus) of a real number is its numerical value without regard to its sign.
Example, 3 is the absolute value of both 3 and −3.
The absolute value of a number a is denoted by | a |.
27. Triangle
A triangle is one of the basic shapes of geometry: a polygon with three corners or vertices and three sides or edges which are line segments. A triangle with vertices A, B, and C is denoted ABC.
28. arithmetics
is the oldest and most elementary branch of mathematics, used by almost everyone, for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced science and business calculations. In common usage, the word refers to a branch of (or the forerunner of) mathematics which records elementary properties of certain operations on numbers
29. square
A four-sided polygon with all sides the same length and all angles = 90 degrees
30. rectangle
a rectangle is a closed planar quadrilateral having four right angles.
The shape is like a square, but the sides are not necessarily all equal in length.
Friday, March 13, 2009
COMMENT
Assalamua’laikum,
I have read your posting and it's great. words easy to understand and if read the article, other than to add knowledge about mathematics can also learn a language English. Thank you Sir..
I have read your posting and it's great. words easy to understand and if read the article, other than to add knowledge about mathematics can also learn a language English. Thank you Sir..
PROBLEM SOLVING MATEMATIKA: HAKEKAT DAN PEMBELAJARANNYA?
Mathematics problems in the big two can be divided they are: problems related to daily life and problems of mathematics. Problems are problems that require math to solve. Ex: How long does it take to travel through a certain distance? Mathematics needed here as a tool and not as purpose. Issue emphasis on mathematics and this mathematics aspects of the process to complete. The process and results were considered and developed in the problems of mathematics. Process skills in problem solving in mathematics is needed include: - Reasoning (reasoning), - organization (organising), - grouping (classifing), and - identification of patterns (pattern recognising). Students who successfully solve the problems of mathematics is that students: - will be sure capabilities, - would like to try different ways, and - have a high want to know. Teachers can get a math problem from a variety of sources: - through dialogue with the students; - through parents; - through teacher handbook; - through student questions; - through another source. How to create the environment / atmosphere conducive to learning activities in mathematics from the aspects of problem solving is: - the situation and the students desire, - to give questions to students and to answer the request, - to encourage students to use a variety of ways - make a simple example, involving students and develop, - create puzzles, - the question: What if ... ? Is it possible to ...? How many different ways? - And when they finished work, ask them: Did you get all the possible answers? and How do you know? If you want to start the problem solving activities and is new in class, can be started from a simple. If there are problems, give opportunity to students to determine the choice. can also provide a question and observe student activities in fission problem. Problem solving activities in the classroom environment that support the need for example: classroom atmosphere; class structure; physical classroom environment; teaching resources, the ability of teachers; ability students. Problem solving activities to take a little loose. Activities Problem Solving with Cooperation. Cooperation among students will be realized if teachers develop attitudes of respect and communication with each other. Benefits of cooperation in the solution to this problem is: try different ways; develop flexible attitude and adjust with the other; explore alternative ways if a way is not working, how to compare one with the other; clarity does get through the suggestions / opinions of others; mutual provide encouragement to finish the problem. Mathematics in solving problems of both teachers and students need to develop procedures or completion of these steps are: - Understand the crux of the matter, - to discuss alternative solutions, - split into the major problem of the small, - to simplify the problem, - using the experience of the past and using intuition to find alternative solutions. - Trying different ways to ask a question: Let us try this and see what happens - to work systematically, - to record what is happening, - to check the result with a repeat the steps again, - to try to understand the problems of the other. Following questions can help teachers encourage students to solve mathematical problems with the (successful): - Is the issue appropriate for your students? - Is it possible to discuss the issue with the students without giving much explanation? - Are sufficient resources available for teaching the settlement of the issue? - There are some questions that need to be clarified to evaluate the problem solving activities such as: - How much the students complete the problem? - Are the students complete the whole or part? - What are the settlement of general or only apply to certain cases only? - Are the answers can be found faster? - Do students have an alternative answer? - Can the other students understand the solutions? - Do students have test it?
Source: http://pbmmatmarsigit.blogspot.com/2008/12/problem-solving-matematika-hakekat-dan.html
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